Basic cupric carbonate, also known as copper carbonate hydroxide or copper(II) carbonate basic, is used as a wood preservative due to its ability to protect wood from decay and insect damage. The compound is a greenish-blue solid that contains copper, carbon, and oxygen.
When used as a wood preservative, basic cupric carbonate is typically applied in the form of a water-based solution or suspension. The treatment process involves the following steps:
- Preparation: The wood to be treated is typically dried to a suitable moisture content to ensure optimal absorption of the preservative solution.
- Solution/Suspension Preparation: Basic cupric carbonate is mixed with water to form a solution or suspension. The concentration of the preservative can vary depending on the desired level of protection.
- Application: The preservative solution or suspension is applied to the wood surface through brushing, spraying, dipping, or pressure treatment. The method of application depends on the size and type of wood being treated.
- Penetration and Fixation: Once applied, the preservative solution penetrates the wood, and the copper compounds in basic cupric carbonate react with wood components to form insoluble copper complexes. These complexes help fix the copper in the wood, making it resistant to leaching and enhancing the long-term effectiveness of the treatment.
- Protection: The copper compounds in basic cupric carbonate provide protection against fungi, insects, and other wood-damaging organisms. They inhibit the growth of decay-causing fungi, preventing wood rot, and act as a deterrent to wood-boring insects.
- Drying and Curing: After treatment, the wood is allowed to dry and cure to ensure the preservative has fully reacted and bonded with the wood fibers. This process typically takes some time, during which precautions should be taken to prevent exposure to moisture.