Nickel oxide (NiO) is a versatile compound that finds several applications in ceramics. Here are some common applications of nickel oxide in the field of ceramics:

  1. Coloring Agent: Nickel oxide is often used as a colorant in ceramic glazes and pigments. It imparts various shades of green and brown to ceramic products, depending on the concentration used and the firing conditions. This makes it valuable for creating decorative and artistic effects in pottery, tiles, and other ceramic items.
  2. Opacifier: In ceramic formulations, nickel oxide can act as an opacifying agent, reducing the transparency or translucency of glazes or ceramic bodies. It helps to create opaque or semi-opaque finishes, providing a different aesthetic appearance to the final product.
  3. Thermal Barrier Coatings: Nickel oxide, in combination with other ceramic materials, is utilized in the production of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). TBCs are used in high-temperature applications, such as gas turbines and aerospace components, to protect underlying materials from extreme heat. Nickel oxide-based TBCs offer excellent thermal insulation properties and can withstand high temperatures.
  4. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs): Nickel oxide is an important component in the manufacturing of solid oxide fuel cells. In SOFCs, it is used as an electrode material, particularly in the anode, due to its high electronic conductivity at elevated temperatures. Nickel oxide-based anodes help in the efficient conversion of fuel to electricity in these fuel cell systems.
  5. Sensors: Nickel oxide is also employed in the production of ceramic sensors. It is used as a sensing material in gas sensors, humidity sensors, and other types of sensing devices. The electrical properties of nickel oxide can be altered based on the presence of certain gases or changes in humidity, allowing it to function as a sensing element.